The southern rough shrimp, also known as cocktail shrimp, Trachypenaeus curvirostris is an ecologically and economically important shrimp species in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. However, information about its population genetic structure is scarce. Results presented in Han et al. (2015) revealed two genetically divergent lineages between the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. According to the authors, the significant genetic differentiation between the Yellow Sea and East China Sea populations might be caused by the Yangtze River outflow. This profile may undergo restructuring in the future as new information comes to light.